Nutritional Status and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Out-Patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Excess energy intake and sedentary life style are clinical challenges in the wake of urbanization that increases obesity.
Objective: To assess the nutritional status and prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Out-patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State.
Methodology: A cross-sectionalstudy involving 140out-patients of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State.Anthropometric measurements, assessment of risk factors of Mets and 24-hour dietary recall were obtained. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.
Results: The study comprised (51.4% - male and (48.6% - female with (30%) in age of 21-30years. About (54%) had normal body mass index (BMI), (22%) overweight and (15%) obese. Prevalence of MetS was 14.3%. Risk factors of MetS revealed about 33% male patient at low risk against 22% female at high risk using waist hip ratio (WHR). Blood glucose level indicated (18%) diabetic and 27.9% at normal level. Almost 53% had normal blood pressure while 47% were hypertensive. Majority (80%) were at low risk based on total triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein. The relationship between risk factors of MetS and nutrient intake indicated significant relationship between BMI, WHR, nutrients while blood pressure had no significant association with nutrient intake at 0.05 level of significance.
Conclusion: MetS was observed among the out-patients especially females with abdominal obesity. The patients however exhibited good nutritional status based on body mass index

Keywords: Nutritional status, prevalence, metabolic syndrome, patients, teaching hospital