Leakage testing for different adhesive systems and composites to permanent teeth

Abstract

Aim: To explore the microleakage of different adhesive systems and flowable composites to permanent teeth.

Subjects and Methods: In this study, a total of 84 human premolar teeth were used. Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces. The teeth were randomly assigned to six groups of 14 teeth each as follows: The first group – etch‑rinse adhesive applied and cavities filled with flowable composite, the second group – etch‑rinse adhesive applied and cavities filled with bulk‑fill resin composite, the third group – one‑stage self‑etch (SE) adhesive applied and cavities filled with flowable composite, the fourth group – one‑stage SE adhesive applied and cavities filled with bulk‑fill resin composite, the fifth group – two‑stage SE adhesive applied and cavities filled with flowable composite, and the sixth group – two‑stage SE adhesive applied and cavities filled with bulk‑fill resin composite. All specimens were then stored for 24 h at 37°C in distilled water. Teeth were then thermocycled for 500 cycles between 5°C and 55°C prior to immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 h. Two mesiodistal cuts of each tooth were photographed for leakage with a digital camera. The dye infiltrated surface for each specimen was measured and data were collected with a software program. Statistical evaluations were done by nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U‑test.

Results: There were statistically significant differences in mean microleakage ratio among the groups (P < 0.05). The first group had shown significantly increased microleakage areas than the other four groups (third, fourth, fifth, and sixth groups) (P < 0.05), except for the second group (P > 0.05). It was also no significant different between the mean microleakage areas of group fourth and group fifth (P > 0.05). The sixth group had exhibited the lowest microleakage areas, and it was statistically significant (P < 0.05) compared to the other groups.

Conclusion: In this study, it has been found that the use of total etch adhesive systems resulted in high leakage values.

Keywords: Adhesives, composite, evaluation, leakage