Institutionalisation Equated to Life in Purgatory: A Focus on Perceptions of Persons with Intellectual Impairments in Selected Centres, Zimbabwe

Abstract

The seemingly dearth of knowledge on institutionalization experiences of persons with intellectual challenges prompted this study. Data was collected using the qualitative approach and the ethnographic design. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data which gave insights to the perceptions of purposively selected persons with moderate to severe intellectual impairments from two centres in Zimbabwe. Additionally, observations and participants’ drawings were interpreted to unearth other underlying factors to the phenomenon under study. Selected principles from the attachment, and kangaroo bonding philosophies guided the study with a view to transform the mindset of people with disabilities (PWDs), their care-givers, teachers and institutionalization styles. Point of saturation determined the sample size. Descriptive analysis was employed to elicit emerging synopsis as to why institutionalisation was perceived as a ‘life in purgatory’. The findings revealed that institutionalisation and even home systems excluded PWDs from making choices and participating in social activities, thus equating their experiences to life in purgatory. It implies that institutions should be guided by desirable child rearing practices. Based on these findings the study recommends that the government should put in place policies that support caregivers and educationists to create equal opportunities in every regard for institutionalised PWDs. In spite of the cited challenges, the findings demonstrate the need for institutionalised care centres to develop ‘kangaroo’ attachments or bonds with institutionalised PWDs.