Toxicity Evaluation with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test and Phytochemical Analysis of Some Indonesian Plant Extracts As Potential Anti-Colon Cancer Agents

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum), red ginger (Zingiber officinale), turmeric (Curcuma longa), tea (Camellia sinensis), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum),  bitter melon (Momordica charantia), pearl grass (Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk.), soybean (Glycine max), grape (Vitis venifera) and  Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) were studied for their anticancer potential in colon cancer. Using a combination of these plants as  promising anticancer agents still requires further exploration from the cultivation and formulation. This research was aimed at the  phytochemical analysis and evaluation of the anticancer potential of these plants in colon cancer. The Brine Shrimp Lethality toxicity test  using Artemia salina Leach larvae was used to determine the LC50 value of the plant extracts. Two of the ten plants with the lowest LC₅₀  values include turmeric and ginger, with cytotoxicity values of 15.995 ppm and 3.488 ppm, respectively.