Prospects and Challenges of Propulsion Technologies of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Review

Abstract

This review paper discussed the different types of propulsion technologies for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In it, several UAV propulsion systems were investigated, with particular emphasis on internal combustion engine (ICEs)-powered propulsion systems and electrically powered propulsion systems. The characteristics and working principles of these propulsion systems and challenges were discussed in this paper. Also, the methods in which future generations of UAVs can perform better have been discussed particularly with regards to endurance characteristics, power-to-weight ratios, and environmental wise. Similarly, the relevance of future UAV propulsion systems, which is a hybrid of the two major propulsion systems (ICEs and electric systems), giving a yield for high endurance, long-range, and durability, is discussed.