Nigerian Journal of Technology
Journal / Nigerian Journal of Technology / Vol. 36 No. 3 (2017) / Articles

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Published:

Jun 30, 2017

DOI:

Keywords:

Compressive strength concrete cow bone fine aggregate partial replacement

Issue

Vol. 36 No. 3 (2017)

Section

Building, Civil & Geotechical Engineering

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NM Ogarekpe

DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA

JC Agunwamba

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA

FO Idagu

DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA

ES Bejor

DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA

OE Eteng

DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA

HO Ndem

DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA

EO Oloko

DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA

Abstract

The suitability of burnt and crushed cow bones (BCCB) as partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete was studied. The percentages of replacements of fine aggregates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%, respectively of BCCB were tested considering 1: 2: 4 and 1: 1¹/₂:3 concrete mix ratios. The cow bones were burnt for 50 minutes up to 92^oC before being crushed. Ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1: 2: 4 mix ratio and ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1 :Â : 3 mix ratio measuring 150x150x150mm were tested for the compressive strength at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The research revealed that the BCCB acted as a retarder in the concrete. Water-cement ratio increased with the increase in the percentage of the BCCB. The mixes of 1:2:4 and 1::3 at 28 days curing yielded average compressive strengths in N/mm²ranging from 16.49 - 24.29 and 18.71 - 29.73, respectively. For the mix ratios of 1:2:4 and 1:: 3 at 28 days curing age, Â it was observed that increase in the BCCB content beyond 40 and 50%, respectively resulted to the reduction of the average compressive strength below recommended minimum strength for use of concrete in structural works.

http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.4

Journal Identifiers

eISSN: 2467-8821
print ISSN: 0331-8443