Prevalence of risk factors of cardio-metabolic disease (CMD) among elderly in two local government areas of Osun State

Abstract

Background: Cardio-metabolic disease (CMD) is a clustering of clinico-biochemical index that places an individual at increased risk for cardiovascular and as well as metabolic diseases.

Objective: Associated risk factors of Cardio-metabolic diseases among elderly in Ife central and East Local Governments Area of Osun State was assessed.

Methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional design which involved 400 elderly age 60years and above who were randomly sampled. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to source for information from the respondents. Obesity, hyperglycemia and high blood pressure were assessed using anthropometric indices, random blood glucose and digital sphygmomanometer respectively in line with World Health Organization standard. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square. A probability of P<0.05 was taken to indicate level of significance.

Result: Findings shows that 34.5% of respondents were within the age of range 60-69years. About 27.5% 20%, 22.5% and 5% were on special diet, hypertensive drug, confirmed diabetic and drinks alcohol respectively. Central obesity as revealed by WC and WHR shows that 22.5 and 26.8% were centrally obese respectively while BMI, %body fat and waist –height ratio shows that 27%, 31.5% and 35% were either overweight or obese. About 25% and 22.5%% had a raised systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively and in the same vain, 27.5% had raised blood glucose. Significant difference was found in hypertension, BMI, WHR, WC, WHtR and %body fat, marital status and alcohol consumption across the gender (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The study revealed high prevalence of risk factors of cardio-metabolic disease, among the elderly in the two local governments.