Anti-nutritional and toxicological properties of Balanites aegyptiaca: a review

Abstract

Edible wild plants and their products have played a substantial role in tackling the increasing gap between population growth and food supply. This article reviewed the scientific information on the anti-nutritional and toxicological properties of Balanites aegyptiaca (desert date). Systematic literature search shows the plant to contain saponin, tannins, oxalate and phytic acid that have been known to have adverse effects on health through inhibition of biomolecules digestion, important enzymes, iron, calcium and zinc absorption. From nutritional point of view, anti-nutrients are substances that interfere with normal growth and uptake of nutrients, reproduction and health, and when consumed regularly in amount found in a normal component of diet is considered harmful and toxic. Knowledge regarding ways and techniques to lower the content of anti-nutritional factors in B. aegyptiaca is needed for health and well-being of the population.

Keywords: B. aegyptiaca, toxicity, nutrition