Maternal and fetal out comes of jaundice in pregnancyat the University College Hospital, Ibadan

Abstract

Objective: This study is aimed at determining pregnancy outcome of cases of jaundice in pregnancy over a 10 year period at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Methodology: All case records of patients with jaundice in pregnancy over a 10-year period from 1 January 1992 through 31 December 2001were retrieved fromthemedical records office of the hospital and analysed. Results: During the ten-year study period, therewere 16,566 registered pregnancies in the hospital, and 52 cases of jaundice in pregnancywere seen, giving an overall incidence of 0.3%or 1 in 318 deliveries.However, 48 case records were retrievable. Viral hepatitis was the commonest cause accounting for 58.3% of cases. It was followed by malaria and sickle-cell anaemia with 20.8% and 16.7% respectively. Other causes include sepsis 14.6%, cholestasis 6.3%, and Pre-eclampsia 2.1%. Pretermdelivery occurred in 39.6%, while intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) occurred in 8.3% of cases, all occurring in the third trimester. Acase of early neonatal death was recorded. There was no maternal death and the mean hospital stay was 18 days (range 4-45 days) during admission. Conclusion: Viral hepatitis, malaria and sickle-cell anaemia are the leading causes of jaundice in pregnancy. These should be promptly diagnosed, investigated and appropriate management instituted as most of the perinatal deaths can be avoided by close fetal monitoring especially in the third trimester and with recourse to early delivery before fetal demise occurs.

Keywords: Jaundice in pregnancy, viral hepatitis,pre-term labour, HELLP syndrome, pregnancy outcomes