Assessment of Antioxidant System Status before and after Operation in Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract

Background/Aim: Oxidative stress is considered to have a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as well  as many other diseases. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the antioxidant system status at pre‑ and post‑operative  period in newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) requiring operation. 

Materials and Methods: Fifty CHD patients participated in  this research. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances  (TBARS) levels were studied in blood samples. RACHS‑1 score, blood lactate levels, and hypoxic events were also recorded. Comparisons  of antioxidant system parameters were conducted at pre‑ and post‑operative periods and also between exitus and discharged groups.   

Results: GPx activity and TBARS levels were significantly higher in the pre‑operative period than post‑operative period though the other antioxidant enzymes were not altered. In pre‑operative period, GPx activity was low in addition to rarer hypoxic events in the discharged  group. Also, a negative correlation was found between SOD and GPx activities in pre‑operative period. 

Conclusion: The results provide  fundamental data showing the lowered GPx activity and TBARS levels considered as sensitive oxidative biomarkers after the operation. It  was assumed that antioxidant system parameters might show changes after the operation, and GPx is prominent for resistance to  hypoxic conditions. Post‑operative reduction of GPx and TBARS levels is significant for evaluating the antioxidant system alterations after  the operation. However, further investigations follow long‑term duration for post‑operative monitoring to estimate how antioxidant  system status changes to improve the treatment of the health condition.