Long-term survival of different deep dentin caries treatments: A 5-year clinical study

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this in‑vivo study was to evaluate the long‑term clinical survival of different deep dentin caries treatment options.

Materials and Methods: In total, 391 patients with at least one permanent tooth with clinically diagnosed deep dentin caries were inspected. Two hundred and fourteen patients were examined at recall visits. Inclusion criteria were teeth with deep caries lesions with pulp vitality but absence of spontaneous pain and periapical alterations. The subjects received either stepwise removal (SWR), complete caries removal (CCR), or direct pulp capping (DPC). The radiological and clinical exams were performed after a mean observation time of 62 months. Success was defined as pulp sensitivity to vitality test and absence of periapical lesions as well as a clinical symptom. Data were statistically analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and log‑rank (Mantel–Cox) tests (α = 0.05).

Results: Of the total 214 patients evaluated, 126 received SWR, 88 received CCR, and 67 received DPC treatment. One hundred and  twenty‑seven restorations were amalgam and 141 were composite. The mean observation period was 62 months. Survival rates were 85.7%, 90.9%, and 59.7% for SWR, CCR, and DPC, respectively (P = 0.001). Success rates of amalgam restorations (86.6%) were similar to composite restorations (83%), and both were found to be successful (P = 0.401).

Conclusion: SWR treatment should be considered to preserve pulp vitality of deep dentin lesions instead of CCR or DPC. Clinical Relevance: SWR method for deep dentin caries management had acceptable results over 5 years.

Keywords: Complete caries removal, deep dentin caries, stepwise  excavation