Risk factors for poor visual outcome in traumatic hyphema: Jakarta eye trauma study

Abstract

Objective: To report the risk factors for poor visual outcome in traumatic hyphema.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done by collecting data from medical records between January 2011 and December 2015 in Jakarta, Indonesia. Clinical data included initial visual acuity (IVA), final VA at 3 months, slit lamp evaluation with grading of hyphema, intraocular pressure, and fundus findings on direct or indirect ophthalmoscopy.

Results: The study included 97 patients, with males showing a preponderance, the ratio being 9:1. Soft gun pellet was the most common cause (27.8%), others being workplace injuries (12.4%), sports injury (14.4%), traffic accident (2.1%), and other injuries (43.3%). Poor visual outcome was due to vitreous hemorrhage, cataract, iridodialysis, and choroidal rupture. On statistical analysis, significant risk factors were causality (P = 0.018), IVA (P = 0.026), onset of injury (0.000), and grade of hyphema (P = 0.000).

Conclusion: Grade of hyphema, IVA, causality, and onset of injury were significant risk factors related to poor visual outcome in traumatic hyphema.

Keywords: Cause of injury, hyphema, intraocular pressure, paracentesis, risk factor