Intermittent testicular torsion

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to highlight the clinical characteristics of patients with intermittent testicular torsion and draw attention to this underreported condition.

Methods: Clinical and demographic data of all patients treated for intermittent testicular torsion from January 2007 to June 2015 were prospectively collected in a pro forma and analyzed. A diagnosis of intermittent  torsion was made on the basis of recurrent scrotal pain, presence of abnormal testicular lie in otherwise  normal testes, absence of urinary symptoms, and negative urine cultures. This diagnosis was confirmed by resolution of symptoms following bilateral orchidopexy. All patients had bilateral orchidopexy at the next operative day and were followed up for 12 months.

Results: Forty‑five patients with a mean age of 20.9 years (±4.02) were seen within the study period. The left testis was more often involved than the right: 53.3% versus 37.8%. The condition was bilateral in 4 patients  (8.9%). A total of 84 testes were evaluated. Horizontal lie was the most common anomaly causing intermittent testicular torsion 49%, followed by the clapper‑bell deformity 27.5%. Patients experienced a mean of 2.8  (±1.74) acute pain episodes before testicular fixation.  Bilateral orchidopexy resulted in resolution of  symptoms and preservation of testicular volume.

Conclusion: Horizontal lie of the testis is the most common cause of intermittent testicular torsion. The condition is more common on the left than the right testis and is predominantly unilateral. Intermittent  testicular pain in the presence of abnormal testicular lie should warrant a diagnosis of intermittent testicular torsion. Early bilateral orchidopexy is efficacious.

Keywords: Intermittent torsion, orchidopexy, testes