Factors associated with blood pressure control in predialysis chronic kidney disease patients: Short-term experience from a single center in Southern Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a leading cause of kidney disease worldwide, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a known cause of secondary hypertension. Blood pressure (BP) control is a main‑stay in the management of CKD because it retards the progression of established CKD.

Aim: To determine BP control and its associated factors in predialysis CKD patients in a tertiary hospital setting.

Methodology: CKD patients who attended the renal outpatient clinic during the period from December 2013 to June 2014 were recruited into the study. Demographic and clinical information were obtained from their case records. The average of the three most recent clinic BPs was calculated for each patient. Good BP control was taken as an average BP of <140/90 mmHg.

Results: One hundred and three patients (53 males and 50 females) met inclusion criteria for the study. The mean age of the patients was 40.6 ± 17.4 years. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was <60 ml/min in 49.5% of patients. Good BP control was seen in 57 (55.3%) patients. Poor BP control was associated with middle age, proteinuric CKD, and prescription of 3 or more BP medication.

Conclusion: BP control in predialysis CKD patients still needs to be optimized. Special attention should be given to middle‑aged patients who have proteinuric CKD and those on multiple BP drugs without optimal BP control.

Keywords: Blood pressure control, chronic kidney disease, predialysis