National neonatal resuscitation training program in Nigeria (2008-2012): A preliminary report

Abstract

Background: Routine institutional training of doctors and nurses on newborn resuscitation have commenced, to improve the quality of resuscitation available to high-risk babies, in Nigeria, as a means of reducing newborn deaths in the country. Perinatal asphyxia contributes to 26% of newborn deaths in Nigeria. Perinatal asphyxia results when babies have difficulty establishing spontaneous respiration after birth.
Materials and Methods: Between 2008 and 2012, doctors and nurses drawn from all the geo.political zones were trained using the Neonatal  Resuscitation Training (NRT) manual of the American Heart Association and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Questionnaire.based, cross.sectional surveys of doctor and nurse trainees from the six geo.political zones in Nigeria were conducted eight months after the primary training, to evaluate the post.training  neonatal resuscitation activities.
Results: Over the period of study, 357 doctors and 370 nurse/midwives were primarily trained in NRT. The overall ratio of step down training was 1:22 with 1:18 for doctors and 1:26 for nurses. In 2008, the delivery attendance rates were 11 per doctor and 9 per nurse/midwife. These rates increased to 30 per doctor and 47 per nurse in 2012. Between 88 and 94% of the doctors and between 72 and 93% of the nurses successfully used bag and mask to help babies breathe in the post.training period. The nurses used bag and mask for infant resuscitation more frequently,   compared to doctors, with the rate fluctuating between two.to.one and four.to.one. Over the years, 87 to 94% of the doctors and 92 to 97% of the nurses/midwives trained other birth attendants.
Conclusion: The NRT in Nigeria is well.subscribed and the frequency of secondary training is good.

Key words: Birth asphyxia, birth attendants, delivery room care, neonatal resuscitation training, perinatal mortality