Knowledge, attitude, and infection control practices of two tertiary hospitals in Port‑Harcourt, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant cause of morbidity, emotional stress and financial cost to the affected patients and health care institutions, and infection control policy has been shown to reduce the burden of SSI in several health care institutions. This study assessed the effects of the implementation of the policy in a tertiary hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional, comparative study design was used for the study, with data collected using a structured questionnaire and guided observation of doctors and nurses involved in the management of patients that had caesarean sections in two comparable tertiary hospitals in Port Harcourt‑the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) and the Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital (BMSH).
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the designations and length of practice of the respondents in both hospitals (P = 0.77). However, 63.64% of the respondents in UPTH were aware of the infection control committee, compared with none in BMSH. The appropriate timing for the administration of prophylactic antibiotics, and for the removal of the hair at the incision site were observed by 57.58% and 69.69% respectively of the respondents in UPTH, compared with 22.86% (P = 0.00) and 0.00% (P = 0.02) in BMSH. The reasons given by the respondents in UPTH for nonadherence to the infection control policy include poor supervision (39.39%) and lack of in‑service training (21.21%), while the respondents in BMSH gave reasons that include inadequate supply of consumables (34.29%) and absence of a hospital’s policy on infection control (22.88%).
Conclusion: The implementation of the infection control policy resulted in some improvements in certain infection control practices.

Keywords: Adherence, hospital infection control committee, hospital infection control policy, Nigeria, Port Harcourt, practice, surgical site infection