The effect of maternal occupation on feeding practices and nutritional status of 6-30 month aged children in urban areas of Mzimba District, Malawi

Abstract

Malnutrition remains a significant issue among under-five children in Malawi, with a prevalence of 47% stunting, despite various interventions and education efforts. Inadequate childcare, including maternal employment, can impact child-feeding practices and reflect the child's nutritional status. To assess the effect of maternal occupation on feeding practices and the nutritional status of young children, a cross-sectional study was conducted in selected urban areas of Mzimba District in Northern Malawi. The study involved 300 young children (6-30 months). Data on demography, socio-economic status, child morbidity, dietary practices, household food situation, and child health were collected using a structured household questionnaire. The findings revealed that children of teachers consumed more vegetables and legumes compared to children of housewives and businesswomen. Only 50% of businesswomen's children met WHO-recommended meal frequencies. Significant differences were observed in energy and nutrient intakes compared to recommended dietary allowances. Children of businesswomen were shorter than children of housewives and teachers. The study concludes that maternal occupation influences feeding practices and the nutritional status of children. These findings highlight the importance of addressing childcare practices and nutritional education within the context of maternal employment to improve child nutrition in Malawi.