Author Guidelines
• The Journal of Research Innovation and implications in Education (JRIIE) is a double blind
peer review international journal which is published quarterly; that is March, June,
September and December. Depending on when the manuscript was submitted, the journal
ensures quick and quality review of manuscripts. The journal accepts manuscripts from
various disciplines.
• JRIIE has a competent, committed and renowned reviewers and editorial board members
from various disciplines. Papers submitted for review process must not have been published
or submitted to any other journal for possible publication. Authors are encouraged to look
for language experts to go through their manuscripts before submission. The following are
publication procedures:
1. The author(s) submits the manuscript directly to editorinchief@jriiejournal.com
2. The Editor/ Editor in Chief receives submitted manuscripts, acknowledges receipt and
assigns two or more blind reviewers to go through the manuscripts and give comments
for improvement and finally suggest whether the manuscript can be published as it is,
whether it requires major or minor revisions or whether it is rejected. The reviewer
submits reviewed manuscripts to the editor for final decisions.
3. The Editor/ Editor in Chief informs the author through mail about publication decisions.
4. The author reviews the manuscript following comments given and then submits it to the editor for final checkup.
5. Once paper has been accepted, the author is asked to pay USD 50 as handling fees.
6. A proof copy is send to the author for verification and approval.
7. The manuscript is published and uploaded to the Journal’s website:
http://www.jriiejournal.com
SETUP OF THE MANUSCRIPT FOR AUTHORS AND REVIEWERS
Manuscripts should strictly follow APA guidelines (7th Edition was released in October 2019).
This includes citation and referencing guidelines. The manuscript should follow the order
below:
1. Title of the manuscript
2. Name of author(s) with their qualifications (First name, Middle Name and then Sir Name. For example, Prof. Linus Lawrence Ibadan, PhD. Director of Research and Publications, University of Dodoma, Tanzania
3. Email Address of the corresponding author
4. An abstract of not more than 250 words: This section should begin with a general
statement explaining the purpose of the study, locality, methodology, population and
sampling and instruments used for data analysis. Thereafter, key findings and
recommendations should follow.
5. Keywords: Between five and seven (Compound keywords should be avoided).
6. Introduction: The author is expected to give a strong background of the study with preliminary literature review from global to local perspective. Study gap and justification of the study must be indicated.
7. Related Literature and Studies from global to local perspective.
8. Methodology: This section includes research design, population and sampling
procedures, validity and reliability and data analysis plans.
9. Results and Discussion: This section should be guided by relevant research questions
that guide the study. Results should be presented in Tables that are in harmony with
APA format (See Appendix A).
10. Conclusions and Recommendations: Each research question should have its respective
conclusion and recommendation in brief.
11. Citations and References: Strictly follow APA Guideline (See Appendix B and C).
APPENDICES
A. SAMPLE OF TABLES IN APA FORMAT: The table should be drawn from automatic
insertion in Microsoft word as appears in Table 1below, and then lines within the table
should be deleted as appears in Table 2 below:
Table 1: Differences in Students’ Disciplinary Cases as Perceived by Teachers
*Difference is significant
Table 2: Differences in Students’ Disciplinary Cases as Perceived by Teachers
*Difference is significant
B. CITATIONS
• Authors should ensure that all factual/ borrowed ideas from other authors are properly
cited and referenced. Every citation must appear in reference list and each reference
must be cited in the manuscript.
• Plagiarism cannot be entertained and may lead to rejection of the manuscript. (The
journal uses Plagiarism Checker X to check level of Plagiarism)
• As a guide a returned percentage of below 15% would probably indicate that
plagiarism has not occurred. However, if the 15% of matching text is one continuous
block this could still be considered plagiarism. A high percentage would probably
be anything over 25% (Yellow, orange or red).
• A variety of approaches should be used. For example;
a. According to Ndiku, Ngussa and Mbuti (2020), research and innovation are key
factors for sustainable development.
b. Ndiku, Ngussa and Mbuti (2020) argue/ maintain, postulate/ recommend that
research and innovation are key factors for sustainable development.
c. Research and innovation are key factors for sustainable development (Ndiku,
Ngussa and Mbuti, 2020).
▪ Citation should strictly use the surname(s) of author(s). Do not insert middle or first
name in citations.
C. SAMPLE OF REFERENCES AND CITATIONS (Note that we have included APA
version 7 for authors and reviewers to familiarize themselves with)
BOOK
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative
and qualitative research. (3rded.). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kowino, J. O., Agak, J. O., and Kochung, J. E. (2012). The role of teaching Christian Religious
Education to the development of critical thinking amongst Kenyan secondary school
students in Kisumu East District, Kenya. International Journal of Academic Research
in Progressive Education and Development1, 2(5), 113-133.
THESIS
Aroni, M. A. (2003). Perceptions on social education and ethics and Christian religious
studies in Kenya: A study of secondary schools in Kiambaa Division. Master of
Education Unpublished Thesis, University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, Kenya.
SOURCE FROM THE INTERNET
Citing a general website article with an author
APA format structure:
Author, A. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article title. Retrieved from URL
APA format example:
Simmons, B. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from
http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos/
Citing a general website article without an author
APA format structure:
Article title. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Retrieved from URL
APA format example:
Teen posed as doctor at West Palm Beach hospital: police. (2015, January 16). Retrieved
from http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/Teen-Posed-as-Doctor-at-West-Palm-Beach-
Hospital-Police-288810831.html
GUIDELINES FOR AUTHORS USING APA VERSION 7 (RELEASED IN
OCTOBER 2019)
NOTE:
✓ Tables and Figures have not been revised (remained as guided in Version 6) Version 7
In-text citations:
2. The in-text citation for works with three or more authors is now shortened right from the first citation. You only include the first author’s name and “et al.”.
× (Taylor, Kotler, Johnson, & Parker, 2018)
✓ (Taylor et al., 2018)
✓ (Mbowa et al., 2020)
For any first citation from agency, organization, etc., no abbreviation or short forms, except
in the subsequent in text citations
× FAO (2020)
✓ Food and Agriculture Organization (2020) states that.....
References
The publisher location is no longer included in the reference.
× Covey, S. R. (2013). The 7 habits of highly effective people: Powerful lessons in
personal change. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
✓ Covey, S. R. (2013). The 7 habits of highly effective people: Powerful lessons in
personal change. Simon & Schuster.
Surnames and initials for up to 20 authors (instead of 7) should be provided in the
reference list.
NB:
For APA Version 7 on the reference list, all the authors’ Sir Names and Initials Must appear
except when they are 21 and more (See: Below)
× Miller, T. C., Brown, M. J., Wilson, G. L., Evans, B. B., Kelly, R. S., Turner, S. T.,
... Lee, L. H. (2018).
✓ Miller, T. C., Brown, M. J., Wilson, G. L., Evans, B. B., Kelly, R. S., Turner, S. T.,
Lewis, F., Lee, L. H., Cox, G., Harris, H. L., Martin, P., Gonzalez, W. L., Hughes,
W., Carter, D., Campbell, C., Baker, A. B., Flores, T., Gray, W. E., Green, G., ...
Nelson, T. P. (2018).
✓ Mbowa, H.S., Makewa, L.N., Murongo, M., Titus Mutia Kithome, T.M., William
Mudahemuka, W. & Winnie Ngila, W. (2020). Technology Integration
Imbalances/Challenges in Higher Institutions of Learning: A Case of Private and Public
Universities in East African Region. Journal of Research in Innovation and Implication
in Education, 4(1), 1-9.
Note: If an article has 21 authors or more, list the first 19 authors, then insert an ellipsis
(...) and then the last name and first initials of the last author.
✓ Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J., Coatsworth, D., Lengua, L.,
Johnson, A., Ito, H., Ramirez, J., Jones, H., Anderson, P., Winkle, S., Short, A., Bergen,
W., Wentworth, J., Ramos, P., Woo, L., Martin, B., Josephs, M., ... Brown, Z. (2005).
Study of the brain. Psychology Journal 32(1), 1-15. doi:10.1037/1061-4087.45.1.11
4. DOIs are formatted the same as URLs. The label “DOI:” is no longer necessary.
× doi: 10.1080/02626667.2018.1560449
✓ https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1560449
5. URLs are no longer preceded by “Retrieved from,” unless a retrieval date is needed. The
website name is included (unless it’s the same as the author), and web page titles are italicized.
× Walker, A. (2019, November 14). Germany avoids recession but growth remains
weak. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/business 50419127
✓ Walker, A. (2019, November 14). Germany avoids recession but growth remains
weak. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50419127
6. For ebooks, the format, platform, or device (e.g. Kindle) is no longer included in the
reference, and the publisher is included.
× Brück, M. (2009). Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars and satellites
[Kindle version]. https:/doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2473-2
✓ Brück, M. (2009). Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars and satellites.
Springer Nature. https:/doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2473-2
Newspaper Article
Without Author:
It’s subpoena time. (2007, June 8). New York Times.
https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/08/opinion/08fri1.html
With Author:
Cieply, M. (2013, November 11). Gun violence in American movies is rising, study finds.
New York Times.
Personal Communications:
Personal communications such as Emails, lectures, or conversations should be cited as
personal communications in the text only (not in the reference list) in the following format:
R. J. Smith (personal communication, August 15, 2015)
9. The singular “they” or “their” is endorsed as a gender-neutral pronoun.
× A researcher’s career depends on how often he or she is cited.
✓ A researcher’s career depends on how often they are cited.
10. Instead of using adjectives as nouns to label groups of people, descriptive phrases are
preferred.
× The poor
✓ People living in poverty
11. Instead of broad categories, you should use exact age ranges that are more relevant and
specific.
× People over 65 years old
✓ People in the age range of 65 to 75 years old
