Effects of Surface Area and Water Level Variability on Fisheries Production in Lake Naivasha, Kenya

Abstract

Lake Naivasha is a freshwater, a Ramsar site and an Important Bird Area. It provides multiple services to the surrounding communities  such as Fishing, Tourism and Agriculture. Lake Naivasha has been experiencing a water level variation cycle over the years as a result of it  being shallow and experiencing high evaporation. Variation in water levels leads to flooding, and receding which disrupts the Lake ecosystem thus causing direct and indirect effects on fishing. The study was conducted to establish the relationship between Surface area  and water level variability and fish yield and revenue in Lake Naivasha. Primary data was collected using a semi-structured  questionnaire, and Key informant interviews. Secondary data was collected using Landsat images that provided the temporal and spatial  water level variability and documentary analysis between 1989 to 2022. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for  data analysis. The results show a positive correlation between Surface area Variability and fish yield (r= 0.6261, R2= 0.3920) and fish  revenue (r= 0.5219, R2= 0.2724). Surface area variability accounts for 39% of the variation in total fish yield, and 27% of the fish revenue.  The study recommends continuous monitoring and surveillance of the lake level, and water quality by the relevant government agencies,  as well as watershed management and conservation measures for the sustainability of the Lake’s fishery.