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May 15, 2024Keywords:
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Patterns of resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs among patients in Abuja, Nigeria: 2009-2012
Abstract
Introduction: Nigeria is among the top ten countries with a high burden of Tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. Drug-resistant TB is a global health burden, but disproportionately higher among TB patients in resource-constrained countries like Nigeria. We described the pattern of resistance to first-line anti-TB drugs among patients tested at the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Program (NTBLCP)
reference laboratory in Abuja, Nigeria.
Methods: We extracted 520 TB culturepositive records from the laboratory unit of Zankli Medical Services, Abuja, Nigeria from 2009 to 2012. The variables we analyzed included the patient's sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, location, occupation), HIV status and Drug Resistance Testing (DST) results. . We estimated the proportion of the different forms of drug resistance to TB first-line drugs.
Results: The median age of the patients was 32 (interquartile range: 27 - 40) years and 63.3% were males. A total of 246 (47.3%) samples were susceptible to all the first-line anti-TB drugs. The rest 274 (52.7%) were resistant to at least one first-line anti-TB drug. One hundred and two (19.6%) were resistant to one anti-TB drug only, 37 (7.1%) were multi-drug resistant and 79 (15.2%) were poly-drug resistant. Monoresistance to Streptomycin 33 (32.4 %) was the highest followed by multiple resistance to Streptomycin, Isoniazid and Rifampicin combination for 21 (4.0%) of the cases.
Conclusion: The high proportion of resistance to anti-TB drugs calls for improved surveillance and the need to understand the factors fueling TB drug resistance in the country.
