Effect of Dalium guineense and Annona muricata Leaf Extracts on Haematological profiles, Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity in Wistar Rats

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to investigate the effects of Dalium guineense and Annona muricata leaf extracts on haematological profiles, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Wistar rats.  Rats underwent a 30-day treatment and were divided into four groups: a control group and three experimental groups receiving either Dalium guineense (100 mg/kg b.w.), Annona muricata (100 mg/kg b.w.), or a combination of both (50 mg/kg b.w.). Haematological parameters were evaluated, along with lipid profiles and total antioxidant capacity using standard methods. Results indicated a non-significant decrease in red blood cell count, haemoglobin, and haematocrit across all treated groups compared to the control, with the highest values in the combination treatment group. Platelet counts significantly increased in all treated groups, particularly in the combined treatment group. Lipid analysis revealed increased glucose and total cholesterol in the treated groups, with Annona muricata showing the highest levels. Total triglycerides and C-reactive protein decreased, except in the Annona muricata group. Total antioxidant capacity was reduced in all treated groups, with the lowest levels observed in the combination group. These findings suggest that Dalium guineense and Annona muricata have variable effects on haematological profiles and lipid metabolism. The combination of these extracts may impact antioxidant capacity. The study highlights the potential benefits and limitations of these plant extracts, indicating the need for further research to understand their mechanisms and therapeutic potential.