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Reagent Based Chemical Screening and Ant-plasmodium Berghei Studies of Green Orthodox Black Kenyan Tea
Abstract
The Kenyan green ,orthodox, and black tea (Camellia sinensis) aqueous extracts were subjected to reagent based chemical screening of bioactive constituents, and their in vivo anti-Plasmodium berghei ANKA effects on parasitemia, % pcv and serum proteins concentration done using a 105 male swiss mice model to determine their pharmacological significance. The phytochemical results from the colorimetric tests of green, orthodox and black teas showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and tannins as common metabolites. Anthraquinones were not detected in green tea unlike orthodox and black teas. There was significant reduction (p < 0.05) in parastemia levels of p = 2.6 on day 10 after infection compared to the control. The fall in packed cell volume (pcv) occurred on day 7 after infection of p = 4.17. There was a significant difference in pcv levels p = 4.8 (p < 0.05) on day 11 between the infected mice given tea and the infected control. There was a significant reduction p=10.4 (P < 0.01) in serum protein reduction on day 11 post infection only in the mice given water. Tea produced significant (p < 0.01) elevation of parasite’s induced hypoproteinemia (p = 3.38) as compared to infected control mice (p = 10.4). The role of these bioactive principles is discussed according to their folkloric use in Kenya and elsewhere in the world. Besides tea is of great importance as far as other clinical applications are concerned. This qualitative analysis can be used for comparative evaluation of bioactive constitutes with other population of Camellia sinensis present in different parts of the world, and can be used for selection of superior quality of this herb to be used in pharmaceutical industries.
