Effects of Blended NPSB Fertilizer Rates on Yield and Grain Quality of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) Varieties in Minijar Shenkora District, Central Ethiopia

Abstract

አህፅሮት

የዱረም ስንዴን ምርታማነትን እና ጥራትን ለማሻሻል ተስማሚ ዝርያዎችን ከተመጣጠነ የአፈር ማዳበሪያ ጋር መጠቀም አስፈላጊ ነዉ፡፡ ስለሆነም የተቀላቀለ ናይትሮጂን፣ ፎስፈረስ፣ ሰልፈር እና የቦሮን (NPSB) ማዳበሪያ መጠን በተመረጡ የዱረም ስንዴ ዝርያዎች ምርት እና ጥራት ላይ ያለውን ውጤት ለማወቅ የመስክ ሙከራ ተደርጓል፡፡  አራት የNPSB ድብልቅ የማዳበሪያ መጠኖች (0፣ 61፣122፣ 183 ኪ.ግ. በሄክታር) እና አራት የተሻሻሉ ዱረም ስንዴ ዝርያዎች (አለምጤና፣ ማንጉዶ፣ ኡዴ እና ኡቱባ) በጥምረት ሙከራ ተደርጓል፡፡ በሁሉም መደቦች ላይ 46 ኪ.ግ. የናይትሮጂን ማዳበሪያ በሄክታር ተጨምሯል፡፡ ከተሞከሩ ዝርያዎች መካከል ማንጉዶ ከፍተኛውን የእህል ምርት (2682 ኪ.ግ./ሄ)፣ የአንድ ሺህ ዘር ክብደት (44.7 ግራም)፣ የፕሮቲን ይዘት (11.5%) እና ከፍተኛ የአንፀባራቂነት ባህርይ (71.8%) አስመዝግቧል፡፡ የNPSB ማዳበሪያ ውጤትን በተመለከተ ከፍተኛ የአንድ ሺህ ዘር ክብደት (44.8 ግ)፣ የእህል ምርት (3640 ኪ.ግ./ሄ)፣ ከፍተኛ የፕሮቲን ይዘት (11.7%) እና ከፍተኛ የአንፀባራቂነት ባህርይ (81.5%) በከፍተኛው የNPSB መጠን (183 ኪ.ግ./ሄ) ተመዝግቧል፡፡ በኢኮኖሚያዊ አዋጭነት ስሌት መሠረት ሁለተኛ ከፍተኛ ገቢ (44614.25 ብር/ሄ) ያስገኘው ማንጉዶ ዝርያ 183 ኪ.ግ/ሄ NPSB በመጠቀም ነዉ፡፡ በመሆኑም በምንጃር ሸንኮራ ወረዳ እና ተመሳሳይ ስነ ምህዳር ላላቸው አካባቢዎች ማንጉዶ ዝርያ ከ183 ኪ.ግ./ሄ NPSB ማዳበሪያ በመጠቀም ቢዘራ ይመከራል፡፡

Abstract

The use of appropriate varieties and balanced fertilizer application are major agronomic practices to improve the productivity and quality of durum wheat. Hence, a field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of blended nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and boron (NPSB) fertilizer rates on yield and yield components, and grain quality of selected durum wheat varieties. Factorial combinations of four NPSB rates (0, 61, 122, 183 kg ha^-1) and four durum wheat varieties (Alemtena, Mangudo, Ude, Utuba) were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All the plots were supplemented uniformly with 46 kg N ha^-1. Among the varieties, variety Mangudo recorded the highest grain yield (2682 kg ha^-1), thousand kernels weight (44.7 g), grain protein content (11.5%), and vitreousness (71.8%). The main effect of NPSB fertilizer showed significantly the highest number of kernels per spike (42.7), thousand kernels weight (44.8 g), aboveground dry biomass yield (11772 kg ha^-1), and grain yield (3640 kg ha^-1), the highest hectoliter weight (80.2 kg hl^-1), grain protein content (11.7%) and vitreousness (81.5%) at the highest NPSB rate (183 kg ha^-1). The partial budget analysis also revealed that variety Mangudo gave the second highest economic benefit of 44614.25 Birr ha^-1 at 183 kg NPSB ha^-1. Thus, a variety Mangudo with the application of 183 kg NPSB ha^-1 can be recommended for durum wheat production in Minijar Shenkora District and in areas with similar agro-ecological conditions.