Physicochemical and sensory properties of jameed enriched with orange albedo and apple peel powder

Abstract

Jameed is a dried fermented milk product with long shelf life and can be stored for several months at room temperature (15-30⁰ C) without deterioration or affecting its functional, biological and nutritional values. Mansaf contains high amount of fat, which comes from the meat and ghee or oil, which is added to it. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding apple peel powder and orange albedo powder at different percentages (3%, 5% and 7%), as sources of dietary fiber, on physicochemical (protein, fiber, ash content and wettability, and separation layer content), and sensory properties of jameed. This is the first study that addresses adding fiber to jameed to reduce the risk of life-style diseases. The results showed that all treatments of apple peels and orange albedo used for jameed were effective in increasing the protein, fiber, ash content and wettability when compared with the control. The highest treatment that significantly increased these parameters was 7% for both apple peels and orange albedo treatments. All percentage concentrations of orange albedo and apple peel treatments significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased the separation layer when compared to the control. The most effective treatment in decreasing the separation layer (20%) was the 7% apple peel treatment when compared to control. When comparing orange albedo treatments with apple peels treatments of jameed, results showed that orange albedo treatments at all levels increased the wettability better than apple peels. Sensorial characteristics of jameed treated with apple peels and orange albedo as sources of fiber were attractive to the consumers. The sensory attributes of jameed including appearance, color, flavor, taste, texture, consistency and overall acceptability were significantly improved (p ≤ 0.05) by adding orange albedo and apple peel at different percentages (3%, 5%, and 7%). When comparing apple peel and orange albedo treatments for jameed in all scores, there were no significant differences in overall acceptability scores between them.