Prophylactic effect of paw-paw leaf and bitter leaf extracts on the incidence of foliar myco-pathogens of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Ishiagu, Nigeria

Abstract

The aqueous extracts of the leaves of paw-paw (Carica papaya) and bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) were used to investigate their prophylactic effects on the incidence of myco-pathogens of groundnut in
Ishiagu, south eastern Nigeria. Two field experiments were conducted: pre-soaking of the seeds before sowing and post-germination spraying. Both experiments had significant effects (P < 0.05) on the disease incidence of the pathogens. In the pre-soaking experiment, the incidence was drastically reduced to 2.17% (for PL15–BL20 treatment combination) being the lowest disease incidence. Postgermination spraying proved efficacious on the disease incidence by reducing the disease incidence to
as low as 2.20% for PL25–BL25 treatment combination. It is therefore recommended that both methods be used at the sowing and germinated stages respectively for better effective results.