Commonly Abused Substances by Youths in Sakubva Suburb: Towards a Community-Based Model for Substance Abuse Prevention

Abstract

This qualitative study was carried out to investigate substances commonly abused by youths in Sakubva suburb of Mutare, Zimbabwe.  The aim of the study was to establish the effects of substance abuse and come up with a model that can be used to prevent such  behaviour at community level. Twenty participants were conveniently sampled using linear snowballing techniques. Data was collected  through a questionnaire with qualitative questions and focus group discussions conducted with participants residing in the suburb within  the period of the past two years prior to this research. The research presented the symptoms, causes and effects of substance  abuse in the study area. The symptoms of substance abuse in Sakubva youths included presenting bloodshot eyes; changes in appetite  and sleep patterns; sudden weight loss or gain; deterioration of physical appearance; unusual body smells and bad breath; decline in school or work performance; impaired coordination; behavioural problems as well as sudden changes in friends or associates. The  causes of substance abuse among Sakubva youths included peer pressure, unemployment and burdens of life. The main categories of  substances that were abused by respondents included stimulants, depressants and hallucinogens. The study presented a model which  could be used to assist youths prevent substance abuse in their communities. The study recommends that youths should be empowered  to resist peer influences as these play a significant role in substance abuse. The youths also need employment opportunities in order to  gainfully occupy themselves and keep off drugs. The family and caregivers should execute their roles effectively in child upbringing in  order to keep youths out of drugs.