Education: an instrumental variable to estimate pluriactivity efficiency and fishers’ productivity. The case of the North-East Madagascar

Abstract

This paper aims to deliver empirical evidence on the links between production efficiency, pluriactivity, and education by analyzing a case study on small-scale fisheries in the North-East of Madagascar. Fishers’ production in Madagascar suggests that power-driven boats and environment don’t explain small-scale fisheries production. This study investigates the relationship between education and performance in pluriactivity. Convergence of interests and entrenchment hypotheses were tested via cross-sectional and panel two-stage least square (2SLS) and Limited Information Maximum Likelihood estimation (LIML) estimate on methods for linear and non-linear models. The study found that there is an overall positive and significant relationship between education level and fisher’s performance. Consequently, this study revealed a convergence of interests but also entrenchment effects of Non Governmental Organizations projects on pluriactivity and fishers’ happiness. While convergence of interests effects are demonstrated by the 2SLS model, an excessive granting on education could weaken fisher’s performance due to entrenchment effects.