Job Satisfaction: Rural Versus Urban Primary Health Care Workers’ Perception in Ogun State of Nigeria

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Job satisfaction implies doing a job one enjoys, doing it well, and being suitably rewarded for one’s efforts. Several factors affect job satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: To compare factors influencing job satisfaction amongst rural and urban primary health care workers in southwestern Nigeria.
METHODS: A cross sectional comparative study recruited qualified health workers selected by multi stage sampling technique from rural and urban health facilities in four local government areas (LGAs) of Ogun State in Southwestern Nigeria. Data were collected and analysed using Epi info V 3.5.1
RESULTS: The response rates were 88(88%) and 91(91%) respectively in the rural and urban areas. While urban workers derived satisfaction from availability of career development opportunities, materials and equipment, in their current job, rural workers derived satisfaction from community recognition of their work and improved staff relationship. Major de-motivating factors common to both groups were lack of supportive supervision, client-provider relationship and lack of in-service training. However more rural 74(84.1%) than urban 62(68.1%) health workers would prefer to continue working in their present health facilities (p=0.04). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in job satisfaction with respect to tools availability and career development opportunities (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: There is dissimilarity in factors influencing job satisfaction between rural and urban healthcare workers. There is need for human resource policy to be responsive to the diverse needs of heath workers particularly at the primary level.

Keywords: Job satisfaction, urban and rural PHC health workers.

WAJM 2011; 30(6): 408–412.