Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacteria Associated With Wound Infections in Kaduna Metropolis

Abstract

Chronic wounds infections could result to structural damage and establishment of a chronic biofilm which stimulates host immune response that cause further damage generating a vicious cycle. Bacteria pathogens associated with wound infections were characterised and their resistance profile to the most common conventional antibiotics generated. Fifty (50) wound samples were collected from 50 patients and were screened on blood agar and MacConkey agar, while Mueller Hilton agar was used for the determination of antibiotics susceptibility test using Kirby Bauer disc method. The predominant bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (50%) followed by Escherichia coli (36%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), Streptococcus pyogenes (8%), Proteus mirabilis (4%) and least by Enterococcus faecalis (2%). Gram-negative bacteria presented (58.9%) compared to their Gram-positive counterpart which had 41.1% prevalence. Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin. Gram-negative bacteria showed quite high resistance to the majority of antibiotics used in this research, while some were active against these bacteria. The antibiotics used on Gram-negative bacteria in this research were: Ampicillin, Septrin, Chloramphenicol, Sparfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Gentamycin, Pefloxacin, Tarivid, and Streptomycin. While for Gram-positive bacteria: Ampicillin, Pefloxacin, Gentamycin, Ampiclox, Zinnacef, Recephin, Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Streptomycin, Septrin, and Erythromycin. The knowledge of agents of wound infections and the antibiotic sensitivity test as was seen from this research could be a viable tool in the selection of antibiotic therapy and infection control measures in public health care and policies regarding antibiotic utilization.