Egg Hatch Assay and Lavicidal Activity of Piliostigma Thoningii Pod Extract and Fractions on Haemonchus contortus

Abstract

The inhibitory effects of Piliostigma thoningii pod extract and fractions were carried out on Haemonchus contortus, a gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants (sheep and goats). Egg hatching and larvicidal inhibitory effects of pod extract and fractions of P. thonnigii pods were determined using the egg inhibition assay (EIA) and larval development inhibition assay (LDIA) assay. The assay was tested in 96-flat bottom microtitre plate, using different concentrations of 0.78, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25 and 12.5 mg/ml of the experimental extracts with three replicates. The plant extract showed higher anthelmintic activity after exposing H. Contortus to the EIA and LDIA assays. It was observed that at 12.5 mg/ml, the crude extract and albendazole had 100% inhibitory effects on the ovicidal and larvicidal activities of the parasites, showing no significant difference (p>0.05) when compared, while n- butanol had significant (p<0.05) inhibitory effects on the hatching of eggs and n- butanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and aqueous had significant (p<0.05) inhibitory effects on the larval development when compared with albendazole. However, the fractions tested on H. Contortus at the concentrations of 0.78, 1.56, 3.125 and 6.25 mg/ml possessed anthelmintic activity that produced above 90% ovicidal and larvicidal inhibition of the parasite. The anthelmintic effect of P.thoningii on H. contortus in this study is further subjected to confirmation through In vivo and toxicity profile studies