Severe Ulcerative Dermatitis in a Captive African Lion

Abstract

Free ranging wild animals are known to be capable of co-existing with a wide range of parasites without experiencing significant health effects.  Interstingly, the same parasites can cause severe health deterioration to animals under captivity. An investigation was therefore conducted following a report of a captive lion with unusual skin appearance coupled with increased fly activities. Physical and laboratory investigation revealed severe ulcerative dermatitis, moderate hematological changes and the presence of intracuteneous and gastrointestinal parasites. Furthermore, inappropriate use of antihelmitics was observed that was not protective against worm infestation. The use of parenteral ivermectin and other supportive therapy alleviated the condition. It is expected that this report will enrich the existing body of knowledge and stimulate constructive discussions among professionals managing captive wild animals for the purpose of improving animal health and welfare.

Key words: Panthera leo, Simba, Nematodes, Demodex, Zoo, Allopecia