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Apr 14, 2024Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Calcium dobesilate combined with candesartan in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and its effect on TGF b1, VEGF and IL 19 levels in the vitreous humor
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of a combination therapy involving calcium dobesilate and candesartan in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and its impact on the transforming growth factor b1 (TGF-b1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-19 (IL-19) levels in the vitreous humor.
Methods: Between January 2020 and May 2023, 112 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy from Handan City Eye Hospital, China were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups: study group (n = 56) - orally administered 500 mg of calcium dobesilate combined with 50 mg of candesartan daily - and control group (n = 56), received calcium dobesilate only. Patients began treatment with calcium dobesilate and candesartan as soon as diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed. Treatment efficacy, changes in hemorrhage area, macular thickness and best-corrected visual acuity were assessed before and after treatment (for a duration of 60 days).
Results: Study group had significantly higher (p < 0.05) treatment efficacy compared to control group, achieving a total effective rate of 92.86 %. It also exhibited reduced hemorrhage area and macular thickness, which were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in control group. Best-corrected visual acuity was significantly higher in the study group (p < 0.05) followed by improved peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity after treatment (p < 0.05). Additionally, TGF-b1, VEGF and IL-19 levels in the vitreous humor were significantly lower in study group compared to control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of calcium dobesilate and candesartan demonstrates significant therapeutic efficacy in treating proliferative diabetic retinopathy while reducing the TGF-b1, VEGF and IL-19 levels in the vitreous humor. Large-scale studies are needed to validate these findings and delve into treatment mechanisms and long-term effects.
