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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Nigerian Antenatal Population
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and the pattern, behaviour, level of care and outcome of GDM pregnancies in a Nigerian antenatal population.
Study Design & Setting: Cohort observational study in a university teaching hospital.
Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of GDM, glycaemic profile of GDM pregnancy, maternal and fetal complications, mode of delivery and outcome of GDM pregnancies.
Results: The GDM prevalence was 2.98 per 1000 pregnancies. Maternal age and gestational age at diagnosis (mean + SD) were 31.0 ± 2.4 years and 23.88 ± 8.2 weeks respectively. Fasting venous blood glucose level at diagnosis was 7.76 ± 1.6 mmol/L while the cumulative mean FVBG throughout pregnancy was 6.56 ± 0.79 mmol/L. Pre-eclampsia 26.7%, mid-trimester abortion 6.7%, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) 6.7% were the major antenatal complications. Caesarian section rate was 10%, gestational age at delivery - 37.55 ± 1.94 weeks and birthweight - 3.75 ± 0.55 kg.
Conclusion: Prevalence of GDM in this antenatal population remains low (but within the global range of 0.15 — 3.0%). Overall care and metabolic control of GDM pregnancies in our population remain sub-optimal with attendant poor feto-maternal outcomes.
(Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology: 2001, 18(2): 56-60)
