Replacement of maize with graded dry cassava sievate in broiler chicken ration

Abstract

The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacement of maize with graded dry cassava sievate (garri sievate) waste on broilers. A total of 150 day old Anak broiler birds were used for the experiment. The birds were randomly assigned to five (5) treatment diets (after a week stabilization period) in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The birds were fed diets containing varying levels of dry cassava sievate to replace maize at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% for diets (D) 1,2 3,4 and 5 respectively. The experiment lasted for 49 days. Data were collected on growth parameters; carcass cut parts, organ weight, and economic benefit of the broiler chicken. The result obtained showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) for all the parameters considered under growth except for feed conversion ratio (FCR). The final weight showed that birds fed treatment diets (D2, D3, D4 and D5) compared (P> 0.05) similarly with those fed the control diet and the values ranged from 1340.0g(D5) to 1546.7g (D2). The total weight gain and average daily weight gain followed the same trend. Average daily feed intake showed birds fed diets 3, 4 and 5 had values (82.11g, 81.56g, 81.70g), which were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those fed the control diet (86.46g). There was no significant difference for gross margin. Percentage dressed weight showed that birds fed the treatment diets compared favourably with those fed the control (1300.00g) but D4 had value (1450.00g)) that was significantly higher than that of the control (D1). Dressed weight and breast followed the same trend. For internal organ, significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in kidney, gizzard, heart, and liver except for intestine, proventriculus, spleen, and lungs. Bird fed diet 2 had a lower (P<0.05) kidney value than those fed the other diets including the control diet. For heart and gizzard, D4 and D5 had values (1.99, 0.44%; 2.03, 0.45%) that were significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of the control (2.39, 0.62%). D4 had lower liver (P0.05) value than the control, which compared with D2, D3, and D5. Cost of diet for diet 1 (₦190.14) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of the treatment diets {D2 (₦168.42, D3 (₦160.64)} while diet 4 (₦152.29) and diet 5 (₦145.14) had the least feed cost. The cost of feed consumed and cost per kg weight gain followed the same trend. Birds fed the treatment diets compared (P>0.05) with those fed the control for revenue. Result obtained indicated that cassava sievate can replace 20% of maize in broiler ration without any adverse effect on performance, carcass characteristics, internal organ of the broiler chicken with reduced feed cost and higher income.

Keywords: Cassava, Sievate, broiler chiken, garri, maize, organ