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Apr 17, 2025Keywords:
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Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in Dar es Salaam semi-urban, Tanzania: A community-based cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a major cause of disability and death globally. While several studies have assessed the prevalence of hypertension in Tanzania, most of these studies have focused on urban and rural areas.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in semi-urban areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in semi-urban areas of Dar es Salaam between May and July 2023. A total of 408 adults aged 18 years and above were selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were gathered using interviewer-administered questionnaires that included questions on socio-demographics, dietary intake, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, and blood pressure were also taken using standard procedures. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using IBM SPSS version 23. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with hypertension.
Results: The average age of participants was 40.4±13.9 years, with women making up 49% of the sample. The prevalence of hypertension was 24% (n=98). Factors associated with hypertension included; Age (AOR=1.103, 95% CI: 1.08–1.13), Male gender (AOR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.18–4.11), Obesity (AOR=5.266, 95% CI: 2.38–11.63), High vegetable consumption (AOR=3.237, 95% CI: 1.276–6.315), High consumption of sweet soft drinks (AOR=3.214, 95% CI: 1.720–6.004) and Consumption of sugary snacks (AOR=2.656, 95% CI: 1.154–6.112)
Conclusion: Hypertension was highly prevalent among residents of semi-urban areas in Dar es Salaam. Regular screening for early detection and management is essential. Additionally, public health interventions should focus on promoting healthier lifestyles to reduce the risk of hypertension and other non-communicable diseases.
