Antimicrobial activities, GC-Ms composition and proximate analysis of volatile oil extract from tumeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa)

Abstract

This research investigated the antimicrobial activity, GC-MS, and proximate composition of turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa) using standard methods. The results showed turmeric contained crude protein (8.12%), lipid (5.75%), fiber (5.00%), ash (6.50%), moisture (10.20%), and carbohydrate (64.43%). Oil was extracted via the AOAC method using n-hexane. FTIR analysis identified functional groups, including OH, CH3, C=O, and C=C, within a wavenumber range of 4000–650 cm⁻¹. UV-Visible analysis revealed a peak at 415 nm, indicating conjugated systems and aromatic compounds. GC-MS identified 19 compounds, with turmerone and curlone being prominent, known for antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. Antimicrobial testing showed turmeric oil's significant effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas sp., and Aspergillus sp. at varying concentrations.