Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa among women with urinary tract infections attending antenatal care in Kaduna, Nigeria

Abstract

This study determines the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa among women with urinary tract infections attending antenatal care in Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital Kaduna, Nigeria. A total of 230 mid-stream urine samples were collected and the organisms were identified using cultural (MacConkey agar and Cetrimide agar respectively) and biochemical methods. Antibiotics susceptibility test was performed using commercial disc. The overall UTIs prevalence was 22.17% (51/230) among which 14.78% (34/230) were Klebsiella pneumonia and 7.39% (17/230) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Klebsiella pneumonia was most sensitive to Augmentin, Ciprofloxacin (100% susceptible to the isolates respectively), and Amoxicillin (88.24%). It was moderately sensitive to chloramphenicol (67.65%), Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (44.17%), Gentamycin (38.24%) and Pefloxacin (29.24%), while being least sensitive to Sparfloxacin (26.41%), Streptomycin (26.41%) and Ofloxacin (Tarivid) (11.76%). The highest susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed in Amoxicillin (94.12%) followed by Ciprofloxacin (84.35%) and then Augmentin (76.47%), while being least susceptible to Chloramphenicol (41.18%), Sparfloxacin (35.29%), Pefloxacin (23.53%) and Tarivid (14.23%). On the other hand, isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained from the urine cultures exhibited intermediate susceptibility to Streptomycin (70.59%), Septrin (64.71%), and Gentamycin (58.82%). In conclusion the uropathogens examined were 100% susceptible to Augmentin and Ciprofloxacin for Klebsiella pneumonia and Amoxicillin was more sensitive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Health education among women, especially pregnant mothers, on the risk, transmission and prevention of infection with uropathogens should be embarked upon by relevant authorities. Furthermore, health care personnel should be proactive in taking steps to prevent nosocomial transmission of these pathogens during antenatal visits of expectant mothers.