Impact of vehicular traffic on ambient air quality in selected junctions in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Abstract

The increase in the vehicle population in Port Harcourt associated with increase in economic activities has left a scar in ambient air quality. This study investigated the impact of vehicular traffic in selected junction of Port Harcourt city. Air quality survey was conducted using standard analytical protocols Anemometer, and multi-purpose air quality analyzers. The generated results showed that PM2.5 and PM 10 at Garrison, Isaac Boro park, Lagos Bus stop and control were above NAAQS limit of 35.0μg/m³ and 150.0μg/m³ respectively. Total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) in Garrison, and Lagos Bus stop were 208.0μg/m³, and 398.53μg/m³ which were above NAAQS limit of 200.0μg/m³. The other measured parameter including hydrocarbons, CO, N₂O, S₂O were above NAAQS and FMEnv signifying that the ambient air around study areas were polluted. Results of a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that there was no significant difference at respective sampling locations; but for individual pollutant characteristics there were significant differences at p<0.05. Cumulative effects under prolong exposure may result in various chronic health challenges. The study recommended that government should establish vehicular integrity and emission testing centers in Port Harcourt City to reduce air pollution.

Keywords: Ambient, Air Quality, Emission, Chronic, Vehicular, Pollution