Spectrophotometric determination of heavy metals in cosmetics sourced from Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

Abstract

The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg and As in cosmetics sourced from Central, Barnawa and Kawo markets in Kaduna metropolis, in Nigeria were studied. After wet digestion, the samples were analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer – coupled with a hydride generator for As and CV-AAS for Hg. The mean concentrations observed in the cosmetic samples ranged between 5.93 to 22.57 mg/kg Pb; 0.12 to 1.11 mg/kg Cd; 30.00 to 90.32 mg/kg Hg; 0.11 to 1.0 mg/kg As. The results obtained revealed that Pb, Cd and Hg within each class of study were higher than the WHO permissible limits. However, it would be preterm to jump into conclusion to decide the fates of the analysed products on the bases of their heavy metal concentrations as the possibilities of counterfeiting or spuriousness of named brands cannot be overemphasized. An urgent need arises for strict regulations in Nigeria and concerted effort must be made to curb spuriousness of known brand and also in informing cosmetics users on the harmful effects of over consumption of cosmetics and heavy metal accumulations in the body.

Keywords: Cosmetics, Toxic heavy metals, AAS