Prenatal screening for congenital malformations: diagnosis and management in low and medium income countries

Abstract

Prenatal screening for foetal malformation is an important component of prenatal care. Unfortunately it has not been adequately addressed in many low and medium income countries (LMIC). The literature indicates that  this condition is one of the most important causes of newborn deaths. There are many screening methods  but most are expensive and some require intensive training. A relatively cheap, safe and easy-to-perform method of ultrasound can help identify more than 50% of  foetal malformations. Unfortunately this technique is not  readily available and even when a diagnosis is made the option of pregnancy termination involves cultural and  ethical issues. This case series attempts to address the challenges faced by LMIC care providers and clients.

KEY WORDS: foetal malformation, newborn deaths, prenatal care, pregnancy termination