Liberalism and democracy in Nigeria: Towards enhancing state/citizens relations

Abstract

One of the most fundamental components of social and political philosophy is the study of the relation between the state and citizens. In Nigeria, for instance, the history of the relation between the state and citizens has been a very fractious one. With increasing incidences of human right violations, insecurity, poverty and unemployment, religious and ethnic violence, one can say that the classical purpose of a state has not been adequately realized. This study reveals that inefficient political leadership, government highhandedness, corruption and so on have robbed Nigerians of the opportunity to participate in government. A good deal of democratic dividends eludes Nigerians who expected so much following the return to civilian rule but whose hopes of sustainable development for the country has been dashed by the recklessness of the emerging political leaders. This paper, therefore, explores how the liberal principles of individual autonomy, freedom, consent and constitutionalism can be used to improve the relation between the state and citizens. The paper recommends that a wholesome reform of the electoral system to include electronic voting and electronic transmission of results be done so as to ensure that election results reflect the wishes of the people. It also recommends that the rule of law be adhered to in the exercise of government powers.