Fundamental issues in the origin, structure and character of the Nigerian state: towards a framework for national unity

Abstract

Apart from being the most universal and most supreme social institution, the state is also said to be necessary for the realization and fulfillment of the human essence. It follows, therefore, that the state must itself satisfy certain fundamental requirements in line with its ideals, notable among which is to promote the common good of its members. The Nigerian state is characterized by conditions that negate the ideals of a state. This work presents a template of an ideal state. Situating the Nigerian state in its proper historical context and adopting the social contract theory of the state as the dominant theoretical framework, this work examines the origin, nature and character of the Nigerian state. It identifies some fundamental anomalies in the mode of formation, governmental structure and institutional frameworks of the state. It recommends restructuring, social justice and massive democratization of the political space as necessary social conditions for national unity and progress.

Keywords: Nigerian State, National Unity, Structure, Colonial, Ethnic Politics