Combination effect of formulated high glycemic index diet with glibenclamide on fasting blood sugar, lipid profile and CYP2C9 in rats

Abstract

Interaction exists between natural products due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles of drug-drug interactions. This research was designed to investigate the combination effect of a diet formulated from rice and sweet potato with glibenclamide on alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. The diet was shade-dried, ground, and pelletized into serving sizes of 10 g, 15 g, and 20 g. A nutrient composition study was evaluated and glycaemic composition (index and load) of the formulated diet were determined to be 80.09% and 64.57 g/100 g respectively. Fifty-five (55) rats were randomized into eleven (11) groups of five (5) members and used for the study. Two of the groups were used as Normal and Negative control. The remaining nine (9) served as the experimental groups divided into three (3), with each having three (3) sub-groups that were placed on three (3) varying doses of the formulated diet, glibenclamide, and both. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) of all the rats were evaluated for four weeks. The lipid profile parameters were determined and Cytochrome P4502C9 was done with CYP2C9 ELISA kit. From the combination effect study, FBG result, it was observed that the diet is antagonizing with the drug all through, except additive effect observed in week two, when a lower dose of drug and diet were administered. All three doses of drug and diet showed synergistic effect on LDL-Cholesterol. This can be attributed to the diet having high glycaemic index with low fat which can be avoided in the dietary management of Diabetes. Lower dose of drug and diet showed synergistic effect while high and moderate doses showed antagonistic effect on triglycerides. The combination index values for lower, moderate, and high doses of glibenclamide with the formulated diet on the CYP2C9 concentrations are 1, indicating that the formulated diet has an antagonistic effect on glibenclamide.