Comparison Of The Safety, Immunogeni City And Potency Of La Sota And V4 Newcastle Disease Vaccines

Abstract

Some Poultry vaccines found in Nigeria are imported. Therefore, there is a need to compare the safety, immunogenicity and potency of some of the vaccines used to control Newcastle disease (ND) particularly La Sota ND vaccines and the V4 ND vaccine. A total of 120 day — o Id pullets were obtained from a commercial hatchery at Kaduna. The pullets were brooded for 3 weeks (wks), after which they were divided into 12 groups each, consisting 10 pullets. Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were vaccinated using one field dose with ND La Sota vaccine from four different sources, namely National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom, Intervet (Netherland), Shafit (Israel), and Fort Dodge (United States of America). Group 5 were accinated with one field dose (0.2 mis) of ND V4 vaccine. Groups 6, 7, 8 and 9 were vaccinated with 10 times the field doses (2 mis) of La Sota vaccines from the four different sources, while group 10 were vaccinated with 10 times the field dose(2 mis) of ND V4 vaccine, Group 11 served as the challenged control, while group 12 served as the unchallenged control. At 3 weeks post vaccination (PV), the pullets in groups 1—11 were challenged with virulent strain (Hert\'s \"33\") of Newcastle disease virus
(NDV). The mean antibody (Ab\') titres at 3 wk PV for groups 1, 4 and 5 were: 5.4 ± 0.7 log2,
7.0 ± 0.8 log2 and 5.0 ± 0.8 log2 respectively. The morbidity rates post challenge (PC) with
Hert\'s \"33\" strain of NDV were 70%, 20%, and 100% for groups 1, 2 and 11, respectively. The postmortem lesions such as congestion of the trachea, Necrotic foci in the intestinal tract and the ceacal tonsils seen in group 11 were those typical of the velogenic viscerotropic ND (WND). There is the need to improve on the quality of the locally produced La Sota ND vaccine by NVRI.

Keywords: Pullets, La Sota, V4, Vaccine, Newcastle disease

Sahel Journal of Veterinary Science Vol. 7 (1) 2008: pp. 8-15