Causes and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury: Gezira Experience

Abstract

Introduction: A precise operational definition of acute kidney injury remains elusive. Conceptually, acute kidney injury is defined as the loss of renal function, measured by decline in glomerular filtration rate, developing over a period of hours to days. Clinical manifestations of acute kidney injury (AKI) are highly variable; in some patients, the only manifestation may be biochemical abnormalities on routine blood sampling, while other patients will present with overt uremic signs or symptoms.
Objectives: We evaluated the aetiology and the clinical outcome of all patients admitted to Gezira Hospital for Renal diseases and Surgery with AKI.
Methods: Clinical data of patients admitted from January 2008 through December 2009 were reviewed and analysed.
Results: Total number of patients included in this study was 122. Out of them 39.3% (48) were females. The mean age was 51.34 (SD 22.18) years. The most common causes of acute kidney injury are ischemic acute tubular necrosis, followed by sepsis and obstruction respectively. Mortality rate was 18.9%.
Conclusion: Mortality rate of AKI in our set up was 18.9%.

Key words: glomerular, tubular necrosis, creatinine.