Obese first degree relatives of hemodialysis patients are at higher risk for developing kidney diseases: in a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Previously, it has been demonstrated that obesity is one of the strongest risk factors for incident chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Currently, we examine the association between Body mass index (BMI) and CKD in first degree relatives (FDRs) of renal failure patients on hemodialysis.

Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional study, 135 FDRs of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis were included. Serum creatinine, uric acid, calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase were measured. Glomerular filtration rate (e- GFR) and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) were estimated. The height in Cm, weight in Kg was measured, and the BMI was calculated.

Results: Females 64% were found to have a higher frequency than males 36%. The frequency of BMI categories was found to be 26.7% obese, 26.7% overweight, and 46.6. % normal weight. The mean BMI was (26.0 ± 6.62). The prevalence of CKDs is 19.3% among relatives. CKDs were more frequent 42.3 % in obese, followed by 30.8 % in overweight and 26.9% in normal-weight relatives. Obese and overweight relatives have significantly higher ACR than normal weight (P= 0.012). GFR found to be significantly higher in obese and overweight relatives than normal weight (P = 0.000). GFR was negatively correlated with BMI (R = - 0.430, P = 0.000).

Conclusion: Obese and overweight RF relatives had higher ACR and lower eGFR. Therefore, obese and overweight members are at higher risk of developing CKD.

Keywords: CKDs, Family members, BMI, Obesity, ACR, eGFR