Urinary Schistosomiasis in Gedarif: An endemic New Focus in Eastern Sudan

Abstract

Background: Schistosomiasis is endemic in many parts of Sudan. Despite the ongoing control activities, new foci are continuously discovered and documented.
Objectives: To document the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in Gedarif, Eastern Sudan, and to elaborate on risk factors for infection.
Materials and Methods: A community-based survey was conducted; all age groups attending a religious school (khalwa) in Elwadi District – Gedarif were included. Demographic and risk behavior data were obtained through a questionnaire. Fresh urine samples were obtained and examined microscopically in the field.
Results: Out of 480 volunteers participated, 260 (54.1%) were females. The mean age was 18.4(+17.1) years. The prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis was 9.4% among the study group. All of those affected were children and young adults (mean 11.82+2.98) years; 10 (22.2%) were in the age group 1 -10 years, and 35 (77.8%) were 11-20 years. The disease is more common among males 33 (73.3%). Most participants 312(65.3%) have no prior knowledge about the cause of the disease, nor the modes of its transmission 411 (85.6%).
Conclusion: Urinary schistosomiasis is endemic in Gedarif with the burden among children and young adults. Health education and sanitary management is needed for control.

Keywords: Schistosomiasis, Gedarif, Sudan