Of Wizards and Madmen: Venda <i>Zwilombe</i>, Part I

Abstract

Zwilombe are a class of Venda male musicians regarded both as folk heroes and social deviants. This essay, which is the first part of a two-part discussion of this contradictory social status, focuses on the heroic role of zwilombe as social critics and popular entertainers. The critical function of zwilombe is located in a political economy marked by hereditary political power. Zwilombe are shown to have spiritual sanction to reveal and oppose political excesses. The heroic status of zwilombe also is related to their capacity to entertain and to involve others in performances that dramatise shared social experiences.


(SA J Musicology: 1999/2000 19/20: 15-32)