Main Article Content
Russies en Afrikaans se gemeengoed: internasionale woorde en ander leenwoorde
Abstract
Ten spyte van dekades waarin daar feitlik geen direkte kontak tussen Russe en Afrikaanssprekendes was nie, is daar tog 'n aansienlike hoeveelheid woorde in Afrikaanse woordeboeke met die etiket Rus(s). Dit geld ook vir Engelse woordeboeke. Hierdie artikel verduidelik hierdie verskynsel aan die hand van die gemeenskaplike leksikons van Russies en Afrikaans, maar maak terselfdertyd ook 'n bydrae tot die algemene leenwoordteorie. Die moderniserende invloed van vroeëre wêreldkulture en individue soos Peter die Grote, het baie geïnternasionaliseerde leenwoorde in Russies gebring, wat ook Afrikaanse erfgoed geword het. Die talryke kulturele en wetenskaplike leenwoorde uit die daaglikse Russiese lewe in die Afrikaanse en Engelse woordeboeke toon die aansien van die vroeë Russiese kunste en wetenskap. Dit is egter die politieke terme van die 1917-revolusie, van die Sowjet en van die politieke paradigmaskuif vanaf die einde-1980s wat die meeste Russiese leenwoorde in ander tale laat land het. Sedert die 1920s het Engelse leenwoorde teen 'n ongekende tempo internasionaal versprei. Daardeur het tale lang lyste gemeenskaplike terme verkry. Afrikaans self het net enkele internasionale woorde geproduseer, wat ook deel van die Russiese leksikon geword het.
Despite decades of hardly any direct contact between Russians and speakers of Afrikaans, there are large numbers of words in Afrikaans dictionaries labelled as Rus(s). This is also the case in English dictionaries. This paper intends to explain this phenomenon on the basis of the common lexis of Russian and Afrikaans and at the same time contribute to the loanword theory in general. The modernising influence of former world cultures' languages and of an individual like Peter the Great, brought many internationalised words to the Russian lexis, which were inherited by Afrikaans via Dutch or English. The numerous cultural and scientific borrowings from Russia's daily life in the Afrikaans and English dictionaries indicate a high esteem of the early Russian culture and science. It is the political terms though of the 1917 Russian revolution, of the Soviet, and of the political paradigm shift in the latter part of the 1980s, which caused large numbers of loanwords to enter other languages. Since the 1920s English loanwords spread internationally on an unparalleled scale, causing languages to have long lists of modern terms in common. Afrikaans itself produced a few international words, which also entered the Russian lexicon
Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 2007, 25(3): 259–275
Despite decades of hardly any direct contact between Russians and speakers of Afrikaans, there are large numbers of words in Afrikaans dictionaries labelled as Rus(s). This is also the case in English dictionaries. This paper intends to explain this phenomenon on the basis of the common lexis of Russian and Afrikaans and at the same time contribute to the loanword theory in general. The modernising influence of former world cultures' languages and of an individual like Peter the Great, brought many internationalised words to the Russian lexis, which were inherited by Afrikaans via Dutch or English. The numerous cultural and scientific borrowings from Russia's daily life in the Afrikaans and English dictionaries indicate a high esteem of the early Russian culture and science. It is the political terms though of the 1917 Russian revolution, of the Soviet, and of the political paradigm shift in the latter part of the 1980s, which caused large numbers of loanwords to enter other languages. Since the 1920s English loanwords spread internationally on an unparalleled scale, causing languages to have long lists of modern terms in common. Afrikaans itself produced a few international words, which also entered the Russian lexicon
Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 2007, 25(3): 259–275
