Integrated modeling of coastal geology: Investigating interactions and impacts on landscape dynamics

Abstract

Coastal areas seek to achieve dynamic results determined by the complex balance of geological transformations and topographical tufts. This research is designed to get an exact and clear picture of interactions between natural processes and their implications on coastal management. This study applied integrated methods such as breakwater analysis, grain size analysis, and salinity level of the groundwater, vegetation cover, and morphological features of several locations. Coastal erosion rates varied over the whole area of the study, with the maximum value recorded at Point D (7.890 mm/year) and the lowest at Point C (4.567 mm/year), making the need for site-oriented mitigation programs evident. The preponderance of sand coupled with the presence of slit and clay implied the sedimentary composition of environments of different energy contexts--high energy, intermediate energy, and low energy conditions, respectively. Atmospheric salinity levels were varying between 13.456 and 8.901 ppt due to the impact of freshwater inflow and evaporation rates. The spatial density of vegetation was between 25.89% and 33.123% per cent, indicating how vital vegetation covers are in supporting coastal stability by preventing or limiting erosion. Geological structures, such as sand dunes of 4.567 m to 6.901 m in height, cliff heights of 8.901 m to 11.234 m, and beach widths of 17.789 m to 23.456 m, varied significantly from nature processes. They helped to create coastal protection and habitat conservation. The outcomes will further advance coastal geology and geomorphology knowledge, guiding coastal management, erosion control, and habitat restoration decisions. The research asserts the importance of applying multidisciplinary approaches and assessments as a strategy for sustainability, ensuring that these environments are provided with tools to solve the problems faced.